Notes and References for the Discussion and Conclusions.

1. The development of psychic activities in the 19th. and 20th. centuries up to 1939 and the reactions of scientists and intellectuals to these phenomena are objectively considered in:
   Inglis, Brian (1977). Natural and Supernatural. A history of the paranormal from earliest times to 1914. Hodder & Stoughton, London. And:
   Inglis, Brian (1984). Science and Parascience. A history of the paranormal, 1914-1939. Hodder & Stoughton, London.
2. The hypothesis of super-ESP has been examined and discredited by psychologist Allan Gauld in his book Mediumship and Survival (Heinemann, London, 1982). Quoted by Osis & Haraldsson (1997)
   - see p. 77 above.
3. Wilson, Colin (1985). Afterlife. An investigation of the evidence for life after death. Harrap, London, page 96.
4. See: Flint, Leslie (1971). Voices in the Dark. My life as a medium. Macmillan, London.
5. Schrenck Notzing, Albert von (1920). Phenomena of Materialisation. See p. 22 above.
6. Dr. Victor Zammit’s website is: A Lawyer Presents the Case for the Afterlife: http://www.ozemail.com.au/~vwzammit
7. Tart, C. T. (1999). Science, scientism and the near-death experience. The Christian Parapsychologist, vol. 13, No. 7, pp. 204-207.
8. The concept of the Spiritual Hypothesis is not a new one having been put forward by other, earlier authors. I have considered this idea in:
   Hodges, David (1994). Science, Spirituality and Healing. Friends Fellowship of Healing.
9. Quoted by Thorpe in reference 10.
10. Thorpe, William H. (1968). Quakers and Humanists. Swarthmore Leture 1968. Friends Home Service Committee, London.
11. Two recent examples of a continuing belief in God in the West are:
    In an article in a recent issue of the scientific journal Nature, almost 40% of American scientists have been reported to have a belief in God.
    Between two-thirds and three-quarters of the British population maintain some sort of belief in the transcendent and the majority of these believe in a personal God (P. Brierley, ed. (1997). UK Christian Handbook. Religious Trends. Christian Research, Eltham, London).
12. See, for example:
    Benor, Dan J. (1993). Healing Research: Holistic Energy Medicine and Spirituality. Vol. 1, Research in healing. Helix Editions, Deddington, Oxon.
    Dossey, Larry (1993). Healing Words. The power of prayer and the practice of medicine. Harper, San Francisco.
    Hodges, R.D. & Scofield, A.M. (1995). Is Spiritual Healing a Valid and Effective Therapy?
    Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, vol. 88, pp. 203-207.
13. The following books are just a sample of what has been published recently in this subject area:
    Goswami, Amit (1993). The Self-Aware Universe, Simon & Schuster, London.
    Laszlo, Ervin (1993). The Creative Cosmos. Floris Books, Edinburgh.
    Clarke, C.J.S. (1996). Reality Through the Looking-Glass. Floris Books, Edinburgh.
    Radin, Dean (1997). The Conscious Universe. Harper Collins, San Francisco.
    Dossey, Larry (1999). Reinventing Medicine. Element Books, Shaftesbury.
14. This comment really applies to research undertaken by the mainstream psychical research organisations; it does not apply to research in EVP and ITC which are flourishing across the world.
15. Michael Roll can be contacted at: 28, Westerleigh Road, Downend, Bristol, BS16 6AH.
16. These results are quoted by R. D. Pearson in his book: Intelligence Behind the Universe. The Headquarters Publishing Co., London, 1990.
    ISBN 0-947823-21-2. Copies are available from Michael Roll at the above address. Ron Pearson’s very interesting theories provide the basis for a modern concept of the ether and its integration with quantum theory and are well worth reading.
17. The concept of the Quantum Vacuum/Zero-point Energy Field is well discussed from a spiritual point of view by: Davidson, John (1989). The Secret of the Creative Vacuum. Man and the energy dance. C.W. Daniel, Saffron Walden. ISBN 0-85207-202-3.
18. This quotation has been attributed to the Quaker John Wilhelm Rowntree (1868-1905) but I have been unable to confirm this.